Strategie | 2.30 | 79.20M

Strategie | v60256021 | by Supercell | 75.13M

Strategie | 1.0.1 | by Little Bit Games | 29.63M

Strategie | 0.3.0.3 | by Bulat Zavgarov | 722.00M

Strategie | 1.4 | by Aspen Gaming 2023 | 57.17M

Strategie | 1.5 | 254.39M

Strategie | 1.8.0 | 84.68M

Strategie | 5.9.2.935 | by Wangxiao8108 | 63.00M

Strategie | 1.44 | 78.44M

Strategie | v1.30.5 | by IGG.COM | 11.90M